budget crisis

Three major South African municipalities are simultaneously grappling with severe governance challenges, including coalition tensions threatening Johannesburg's mayor, a R5.3 billion deficit in Tshwane, and service delivery protests in Gqeberha.

Kenya's university funding model is collapsing under the weight of a Sh260 billion budget deficit and Sh60 billion in unpaid capitation fees to private institutions, forcing government intervention as the debt continues to accumulate.